Jumat, 03 Mei 2013

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Nama : Sayang Sori Ocsilen
NPM : 15209430
Kelas : 4ea17
Tugas : Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2



MODALS AUXILIARIES


Macam-macam modal auxiliaries :
1. Can 8. Had better
2. May 9. Have to
3. Must 10. Would
4. Might 11. Have got to
5. Should 12. Prefer
6. Could 13. Like better
7. Although 14. Would rather

1. Can
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Can + V-1
a. She can play soccer.
b. They can swim.
c. I can sing a song.
d. Rere can wash.
e. My mother can cook the pan cake.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Can + Not + V-1
a. She can’t play soccer.
b. They can’t swim.
c. I can’t sing a song.
d. Rere can’t wash.
e. My mother can’t cook the pan cake.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Can + S + V-1
a. Can she play soccer ? Yes, she can/ No, she can’t
b. Can they swim ? Yes, they can/ No, they can’t
c. Can you sing a song ? Yes, I can/ No, I can’t
d. Can Rere wash? Yes, Rere can/ No, Rere can’t
e. Can my mother cook the pan cake ? Yes, my mother can/ No, my mother can’t


2. May
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + May + V
a. I may go home now.
b. I may smoke here.
c. I may come in.
d. The Motor club may be joined by everyone.
e. She may come to the office.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + May + Not + V
a. I may not go home now.
b. I may not smoke here.
c. I may not come in.
d. The Motor club may not be joined by everyone.
e. She may not come to the office.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : May + S + V
a. May i go home now?
b. May i smoke here if you like?
c. May i come in?
d. May The Motor club be joined by everyone?
e. May she come to the office?

3. Must
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Must + V
a. You must do everything I say.
b. Jack must be upset.
c. You must meet her.
d. You must break the school rules.
e. My homework must be finished as soon as possible.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Must + Not + V
a. You must not do everything I say.
b. Jack must not be upset.
c. You must not meet her.
d. You must not break the school rules.
e. My homework must not be finished as soon as possible.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Must + S + V
a. Must you do everything I say?
b. Must Jack be upset?
c. Must you meet her?
d. Must you break the school rules?
e. Must my homework be finished as soon as possible?

4. Might
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Might + V
a. She might be in her office..
b. She might be ill.
c. They might go to France on the next holiday.
d. Alya might call us today.
e. The machine might be operated now.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Might + Not + V
a. She might not be in her office
b. She might not be ill.
c. They might not go to France on the next holiday.
d. Alya might not call us today.
e. The machine might not be operated now.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Might + S + V
a. Might she be in her office?
b. Might she be ill?
c. Might they go to France on the next holiday?
d. Might Alya call us today?
e. Might the machine be operated now?

5. Should
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Should + V
a. We should do something now
b. They should be there tomorrow.
c. We should go there.
d. That book should be stolen by him.
e. The letter should have been sent last week.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Should + Not + V
a. We should not do something now
b. They should not be there tomorrow.
c. We shouln’t go there.
d. That book should not be stolen by him.
e. The letter should not have been sent last week.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Should + S + V
a. Should we do something now?
b. Should they be there tomorrow?
c. Should we go there?
d. Should that book be stolen by him?
e. Should the letter have been sent last week?

6. Could
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Could + V
a. I could swim when I was 5 years old
b. Donna could speak 7 languages
c. I could help you
d. I could turn on the television
e. I could tell you where the hospital

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Could + Not + V
a. I could not swim when I was 5 years old
b. Donna couldn’t speak 7 languages
c. I couldn’t help you
d. I couldn’t turn on the television
e. I couldn’t tell you where the hospital

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Could + S + V
a. Could you swim when you was 5 years old?
b. Could Donna speak 7 languages?
c. Could you help me?
d. Could I turn on the television?
e. Could you tell me where the hospital?

7. Ought To
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Ought To + V
a. She ought to be here now.
b. You ought to have crossed.
c. The work ought to have been finished.
d. You ought to have told him.
e. She ought to come here again.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Ougth + Not + To + V
a. She ought not to be here now.
b. You ought not to have crossed.
c. The work ought not to have been finished.
d. You ought not to have told him.
e. She ought not to come here again.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Ought + S + To + V
a. Ought she to be here now?
b. Ought you to have crossed?
c. Ought the work to have been finished?
d. Ought she to come here again?
e. Ought she to come here again?

8. Had better
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + had better + V
a. You had better be on time.
b. You had better see a doctor.
c. I had better watch tv.
d. I had better take math course.
e. I had better wash my car.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + had better + Not + V
a. You had better not be on time.
b. You had better not see a doctor.
c. I had better not watch tv.
d. I had better not take math course.
e. I had better not wash my car.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Had better + S + V
a. Had better you be on time?
b. Had better you see a doctor?
c. Had better I watch tv?
d. Had better I take math course?
e. Had better I wash my car?

9. Have to
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Have To + V
a. Children have to go to school.
b. You have to eat anything.
c. I have to work on Sundays.
d. I have to get up early at the weekend.
e. We have to go now

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Have To + Not + V
a. Children have to not go to school.
b. You have to not eat anything.
c. I have to not work on Sundays.
d. I have to not get up early at the weekend
e. We have to not go now.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Do/Does + S + Have To + V
a. Does children have to go to school?
b. Do you have to eat anything?
c. Do I have to work on Sundays?
d. Do I have to get up early at the weekend?
e. Do we have to go now?

10. Would
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Would + V
a. You would like a cup of coffee.
b. Mr. Lee told me that the schedule would be canceled.
c. It would rain tonight.
d. They would have won the game.
e. I would go to my parents’ house.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Would + Not + V
a. You would not like a cup of coffee.
b. Mr. Lee told me that the schedule would not be canceled.
c. It would not rain tonight.
d. They would not have won the game.
e. I would not go to my parent’s house

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Would + S + V
a. Would you like a cup of coffee?
b. Would Mr. Lee told me that the schedule be canceled?
c. Would it rain tonight?
d. Would they have won the game?
e. Would you go to my parent’s house?

11. Have got to
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Have got to + V
a. They have got to come tomorrow.
b. I have got to go now.
c. I have got to study tonight.
d. I have got to finish my work today.
e. We have got to work overtime.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Have got to + Not + V
a. They have got to not come tomorrow.
b. I have got to not go now.
c. I have got to not study tonight.
d. I have got to not finish my work today.
e. We have got to not work overtime.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Have got to + S + V
a. Have got to they come tomorrow?
b. Have got to I go now?
c. Have got to I study tonight?
d. Have got to I finish my work today?
e. Have got to we work overtime?

12. Prefer ... to
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + prefer + O + to + O
a. I prefer going to the park than stay at home.
b. I prefer apples to orange.
c. Rani prefer dance to sing.
d. Didi prefer coffee to tea.
e. I prefer read to watch.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + prefer + Not + O + to + O
a. I prefer not to going to the park to stay at home
b. I prefer not apples to orange.
c. Rani prefer not dance to sing.
d. Didi prefer not coffee to tea.
e. I prefer not read to watch.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Would + S + prefer + O + to + O
a. Would I prefer going to the park than stay at home?
b. Would I prefer apples to orange?
c. Would Rani prefer dance to sing?
d. Would Didi prefer coffee to tea?
e. Would I prefer read to watch?


13. Like better
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Like + O + better than + O
a. I like watching TV better than studying.
b. Mimi like drinking soft drink better than eating.
c. They like living in a city better than living in a country.
d. I like tea better than coffee.
e. She likes apples better than oranges.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Like + Not + O + better than + O
a. I like not watching TV better than studying.
b. Mimi like not drinking soft drink better than eating.
c. They like not living in a city better than living in a country.
d. I like not tea better than coffee.
e. She likes not apples better than oranges.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Would + S + like + O + better than + O
a. Would I like watching TV better than studying?
b. Would Mimi like drinking soft drink better than eating?
c. Would they like living in a city better than living in a country?
d. Would I like tea better than coffee?
e. Would she likes apples better than oranges?

14. Would rather
Contoh kalimat positif :
Rumus : S + Would rather + V + O + Than + O
a. I would rather go to the park than stay at home.
b. I would rather die than marry him.
c. I would rather be a doctor than a president.
d. I would rather have stayed home than went to the movies.
e. I would rather sing than dance.

Contoh kalimat negatif :
Rumus : S + Would rather + Not + V + O + Than + O
a. I would rather not go to the park than stay at home.
b. I would rather not die than marry him.
c. I would rather not be a doctor than a president.
d. I would rather not have stayed home than went to the movies.
e. I would rather not sing than dance.

Contoh kalimat introgative :
Rumus : Would + S + rather + V + O + Than + O
a. Would I rather go to the park than stay at home?
b. Would I rather die than marry him?
c. Would I rather be a doctor than a president?
d. Would I rather have stayed home than went to the movies?
e. Would I rather sing than dance?

___________________________________________________________________________

COUNTABLE NOUNS DAN UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS



1. Countable Nouns

Semua kata benda dapat dihitung atau tidak dapat dihitung. Kata benda yang dapat dihitung memiliki sifat-sifat berikut:
- Dapat dihitung secara langsung, misalnya 1 apel, 2 apel, dll.
- Dapat dibuat jamak
- Dapat ditambahkan artikel -a atau -an.

Kata Benda Tunggal (singular)
Kata singular selalu didahului oleh artikel (a, my, dll) ataupun modifier. kata benda ini tidak pernah berdiri sendiri. Contoh: A pen, A book/ one book/ the book, My house
Kata Benda jamak (plural)
Kata benda plural dapat didahului dengan article ataupun modifier. Selain itu juga dapat berdiri sendiri. Contoh: two books/ some books , pens, some houses.
Untuk mengubah benda tunggal menjadi jamak, tinggal menambahkan akhiran –s atau –es.
Contoh:
- Book menjadi books (buku)
- Box menjadi boxes (kotak)
Namun ada beberapa benda yang tidak beraturan. Perubahannya dari tunggal menjadi jamak tidak memiliki aturan yang jelas. Sehingga hanya dapat melafalkannya.
Contoh:
- Person menjadi people (orang)
- foot menjadi feet (kaki)
- woman menjadi women (wanita)
- child menjadi children (anak-anak)
- mouse menjadi mice (tikus)
- tooth menjadi teeth (gigi)
- man menjadi men (laki-laki)


2. Uncountable Nouns

Kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung memiliki sifat-sifat berikut:
- Biasanya tidak bisa dihitung secara langsung misalnya, 1 uang, 2 uang, ..dll.
- Biasanya tidak bisa dibuat jamak
- Biasanya tidak ditambahkan artikel -a atau -an
Kata some sering digunakan untuk kata benda jamak.
Misalnya: - I have some apples
- I have some food

- Benda material: gold (emas), silver (perak), bronze (perunggu), brass (kuningan), iron (besi).

- Benda alam: stone (batu), rock (cadas), land (tanah), dust (debu), ash (abu), sand (pasir), pebble (kerikil), cloud (awan), water (air), wind (angin), udara (air).

- Cairan: oil (minyak), blood (darah), sperm (sperma), teardrop (air mata), sweat (keringat), saliva (ludah).

- Makanan: bread, hamburger, pizza, meat. Minuman: coffee, tea, juice.

- Benda abstrak: advice (nasehat), chaos (kekacauan), information (informasi), work (pekerjaan).